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https://www.med.cuhk.edu.hk/press-releases/chinese-women-with-polycystic-ovarian-syndrome-have-4-fold-higher-risk-of-developing-diabetes
https://www.med.cuhk.edu.hk/press-releases/chinese-women-with-polycystic-ovarian-syndrome-have-4-fold-higher-risk-of-developing-diabetes

Chinese Women with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome have 4-fold Higher Risk of Developing Diabetes

A recent study conducted by the Faculty of Medicine at The Chinese University of Hong Kong (CUHK) revealed that Chinese women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) are at 4-fold higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) compared with those without the disorder, and also have younger onset of diabetes. Experts recommend Chinese PCOS patients to receive regular screening with oral glucose tolerance tests and regular monitoring of blood pressure and lipid to reduce the long term health risks of developing diabetes and cardiometabolic diseases. The findings have been published in the international journal PLOS Medicine.

 

PCOS press conference

A recent study conducted by the Faculty of Medicine at CUHK revealed that Chinese women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) are at 4-fold higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus compared with those without the disorder, and also have younger onset of diabetes. Researchers of the study include Dr. Lai Ping CHEUNG (1st from the left), Clinical Associate Professor (honorary) of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology; Professor Ronald Ching Wan MA (centre), Head of the Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes at the Department of Medicine and Therapeutics; and Dr. Noel Yat Hey NG (1st from the right), Post-doctoral Fellow of the Department of Medicine and Therapeutics from the Faculty of Medicine at CUHK.

Women with PCOS have a higher risk of cardiometabolic abnormalities

 

PCOS is a common gynaecological endocrine disorder affecting 6-12% of women in the reproductive age group. Patients usually present with menstrual irregularities or anovulation. Other clinical symptoms include infertility, and symptoms of androgen excess such as hirsutism and acne. They usually have the ultrasound appearance of multiple tiny cysts in the ovaries. The pathogenesis of the disorder has not been fully elucidated, but some suggest it may be due to the elevated androgens mediated through excess secretion of luteinising hormone or insulin resistance.

 

Dr. Lai Ping CHEUNG, Clinical Associate Professor (honorary) of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine at CUHK remarked, “Although PCOS is traditionally viewed as a reproductive disorder, there are increasing research findings and clinical evidence showing that it is associated with a significantly increased risk of cardiometabolic disorders, such as hypertension, hyperlipidaemia and impaired glucose regulation. Patients thus have a higher risk of developing diabetes and cardiovascular diseases in the long run.”  

 

Study on progression of T2DM in Chinese women with PCOS was missing  

 

In 2008, a CUHK research team first revealed in a study that 1 in 4 women with PCOS has metabolic syndrome and raised the concern over elevated risk of diabetes. However, there is a lack of information on the long-term risk of diabetes and metabolic problems among Asian women with PCOS. The majority of international studies on the subject are from the U.S., Australia, and Europe, and share differences in the prevalence and incident rate.

 

Professor Ronald Ching Wan MA, Head of the Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine at CUHK remarked, “One in ten people in Hong Kong has diabetes, with T2DM comprising the majority. Diabetes is a chronic disease that can lead to serious damage to many of the body's systems, especially the nerves and blood vessels over time. We have been long aware that PCOS is linked to the risk of diabetes, but previous international studies have mainly relied on self-reporting of diabetes status or linkage through national patient registries, which might underestimate the prevalence and incidence rate of T2DM in women with PCOS. Hence, the CUHK team launched a long-term follow-up case-control study to address this question and gain new insights on how to identify patients at high risk of progressing to diabetes.”

 

Prof. Ronald Ma

Professor Ma reminds women with PCOS to receive regular screening with an oral glucose tolerance test so as to better monitor the risk of developing diabetes.

CUHK study proves Chinese PCOS patients should pay attention to progressing diabetes risk

 

The research team from the Department of Medicine and Therapeutics and the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology carried out a case-control study between 2016 and 2017 to investigate the increment of diabetes and cardiometabolic risks over a decade in Chinese women with PCOS. Participants received detailed clinical and metabolic evaluation, including a standard 75-g oral glucose tolerance test.  The follow-up evaluation consisted of 199 PCOS patients and 242 non-PCOS women as control.

 

Results showed that PCOS patients had become significantly more overweight, and an increased number of them emerged with hypertension, hyperlipidaemia and impaired glucose regulation after a decade, and one-fifth of them have diabetes. The research team calculated the incidence rate of T2DM for PCOS patients, details of which are shown in the below table:

 

 Incidence rate of T2DM (age-standardised rate)
PCOS patients22.12/ 1000 persons/ year
Control Group10.09/ 1000 persons/ year
Hong Kong general female population8.76/ 1000 persons/ year


Dr. Noel Yat Hey NG, Post-doctoral Fellow, Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine at CUHK, explained, “We found that the incidence rate of T2DM among women with PCOS was around 2.5 times higher compared with the local female population incidence rate, and had an earlier onset of 10 years, on average. With further analysis, we confirmed obesity, elevated triglyceride, and the presence of elevated androgens are associated with the progression of T2DM in PCOS. Under logistic regression analysis, we can conclude Chinese women with PCOS are at 4-fold higher risk of developing diabetes compared with those without the disorder.”  

 

Professor Ronald Ching Wan MA urged, “Regular screening with an oral glucose tolerance test is warranted for women with PCOS. It is a standard test recommended by the World Health Organization and international guidelines for PCOS. Regular monitoring of blood pressure, blood lipids and glucose are also recommended. Preventive measures such as lifestyle intervention involving weight reduction, dietary modification and increased physical activity may help reduce their long term health risks of developing diabetes and atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases.” 

 

The study was supported by the Research Grants Council General Research Fund.

 

Ms. Chan

Ms. CHAN (left) sought help from doctor because of menstrual irregularities and was later confirmed with PCOS. In 2009, she was found to have diabetes and from then on she has to keep a good monitor of her blood sugar and blood pressure, also to have a healthy lifestyle.

Ms. Wong

Ms. WONG (left) was bothered by infertility for years before getting diagnosed with PCOS. She successfully got pregnant after treatment. But later on, she confirmed having diabetes and vowed to reduce weight and to exercise. She now maintains a good control of her diabetes.  

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Radiotherapy to Head and Neck Raises Risk for Stroke CUHK Proved Effectiveness of Carotid Angioplasty and Stenting

Research
CUHK Research Reveals Young People with Normal Body Weight May Also Suffer from Diabetes Timely Treatment within 5-Year Golden Period may Help Prevent Complications

CUHK Research Reveals Young People with Normal Body Weight May Also Suffer from Diabetes Timely Treatment within 5-Year Golden Period may Help Prevent Complications

Research
CUHK Research Explains Why Patients with Cystic Fibrosis Often Develop Diabetes

CUHK Research Explains Why Patients with Cystic Fibrosis Often Develop Diabetes

Research
CUHK Research Shows 60% Diabetic Patients Have Poor Sleep Auriculotherapy Helps Improve Sleep Quality and Glycaemic Control

CUHK Research Shows 60% Diabetic Patients Have Poor Sleep Auriculotherapy Helps Improve Sleep Quality and Glycaemic Control

Research
CUHK Opens Phase I Clinical Trial Centre To Step Up New Drug Development in Hong Kong

CUHK Opens Phase I Clinical Trial Centre To Step Up New Drug Development in Hong Kong

Research
CUHK Survey Reveals Relationship between Exercise Pattern and Emotional Health among Hong Kong People Mind-body Exercise Helps Reduce Risk of Mood Disorders

CUHK Survey Reveals Relationship between Exercise Pattern and Emotional Health among Hong Kong People Mind-body Exercise Helps Reduce Risk of Mood Disorders

Research
CUHK Establishes State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease to Improve Diagnosis and Treatment of Digestive Diseases

CUHK Establishes State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease to Improve Diagnosis and Treatment of Digestive Diseases

Research
CUHK and PolyU Jointly Introduce TeleStroke for 24-hour Thrombolysis Service at Prince of Wales Hospital

CUHK and PolyU Jointly Introduce TeleStroke for 24-hour Thrombolysis Service at Prince of Wales Hospital

Clinical service
CUHK Conducts Asia's Largest Clinical Study on Life-threatening Infections caused by RSV and Influenza in Hong Kong Adults and Elderly

CUHK Conducts Asia's Largest Clinical Study on Life-threatening Infections caused by RSV and Influenza in Hong Kong Adults and Elderly

Research
CUHK Assessed and Treated Over 300 Young Ketamine Abusers with Urinary Tract Dysfunction Latest Research Reveals Effectiveness of Integrated Anti-inflammatory Therapy

CUHK Assessed and Treated Over 300 Young Ketamine Abusers with Urinary Tract Dysfunction Latest Research Reveals Effectiveness of Integrated Anti-inflammatory Therapy

Research
CUHK Research Reveals that Physical and Cognitive Activities can Maintain and Improve Brain Functions of Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairments

CUHK Research Reveals that Physical and Cognitive Activities can Maintain and Improve Brain Functions of Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairments

Research
CUHK Launches Territory-wide Screening Study for Early Detection of Nasopharynx Cancer Now Recruiting 20,000 Citizens to Join

CUHK Launches Territory-wide Screening Study for Early Detection of Nasopharynx Cancer Now Recruiting 20,000 Citizens to Join

Research
CUHK Research Reveals Impact of Mild Hearing Loss on School Children Now Recruiting Hearing Impaired Students for Research on Efficacy of Intervention

CUHK Research Reveals Impact of Mild Hearing Loss on School Children Now Recruiting Hearing Impaired Students for Research on Efficacy of Intervention

Research
CUHK and Joshua Hellmann Foundation for Orphan Disease Jointly Launch Territory’s First Newborn Metabolic Screening Program

CUHK and Joshua Hellmann Foundation for Orphan Disease Jointly Launch Territory’s First Newborn Metabolic Screening Program

Donation
CUHK-HCC Score Accurately Predicts Risk of Liver Cancer in Chronic Hepatitis B Patients Receiving Antiviral Therapy

CUHK-HCC Score Accurately Predicts Risk of Liver Cancer in Chronic Hepatitis B Patients Receiving Antiviral Therapy

Research
CUHK Introduces Hong Kong's First Fragile X Carrier Screening

CUHK Introduces Hong Kong's First Fragile X Carrier Screening

Clinical service
CUHK Pioneers the Use of 3D Echocardiography to Identify At-Risk Mitral Valve Prolapse Patients

CUHK Pioneers the Use of 3D Echocardiography to Identify At-Risk Mitral Valve Prolapse Patients

Research
CUHK discovers that 40% of Individuals at Risk of Coronary Heart Disease have Pre-cancerous Bowel Tumors

CUHK discovers that 40% of Individuals at Risk of Coronary Heart Disease have Pre-cancerous Bowel Tumors

Research
CUHK Advocates Palliative Care for Advanced Dementia Patients with Swallowing Problems

CUHK Advocates Palliative Care for Advanced Dementia Patients with Swallowing Problems

Research
CUHK and US Experts Collaborate to Provide Clinical Genetic Training to Set up The Territory's First One-Stop Outpatient Genetic Clinic

CUHK and US Experts Collaborate to Provide Clinical Genetic Training to Set up The Territory's First One-Stop Outpatient Genetic Clinic

International collaboration
CUHK Develops an Automatic Retinal Image Analysis System to Help Diabetes Patients and Elderly Prevent Stroke

CUHK Develops an Automatic Retinal Image Analysis System to Help Diabetes Patients and Elderly Prevent Stroke

Research
CUHK Study Reveals High Salt Intake Will Lead to High Blood Pressure and Higher Risk of Stroke

CUHK Study Reveals High Salt Intake Will Lead to High Blood Pressure and Higher Risk of Stroke

Research
CUHK Launches Territory-wide Sleep Health Education Campaign to Promote Healthy Sleep and Healthy School Life

CUHK Launches Territory-wide Sleep Health Education Campaign to Promote Healthy Sleep and Healthy School Life

Health Campaign
CUHK and HKU's Collaborative Research Discovers Novel Epilepsy Genetic Markers

CUHK and HKU's Collaborative Research Discovers Novel Epilepsy Genetic Markers

Research
CUHK Advocates Early Detection of Chronic Kidney Diseases Joined by Leading Nephrologists to Make Sound Recommendations

CUHK Advocates Early Detection of Chronic Kidney Diseases Joined by Leading Nephrologists to Make Sound Recommendations

Research
CUHK Pioneers DNA Chip for Prenatal Diagnosis in HK

CUHK Pioneers DNA Chip for Prenatal Diagnosis in HK

Research
CUHK Proves the Potent Efficacy of Stenting for Carotid Artery Narrowing and Cardiac Contractility Modulation for Heart Failure

CUHK Proves the Potent Efficacy of Stenting for Carotid Artery Narrowing and Cardiac Contractility Modulation for Heart Failure

Research
Three CUHK Scholars Named Croucher Senior Research Fellow 2011-12

Three CUHK Scholars Named Croucher Senior Research Fellow 2011-12

Awards and honors
CUHK Research Findings on Severe Human Swine Flu in Hong Kong

CUHK Research Findings on Severe Human Swine Flu in Hong Kong

Research

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